ABSTRACT
Low user engagement in m-Health applications has been driving the use of retention techniques that aim to ensure a satisfactory long-term user experience. The aim was to understand the experience of hypertensive patients interacting with a mobile health application for 12 months. A qualitative/exploratory study was conducted after 12 months, with the same experimental group of participants as the non-randomized con-trolled clinical trial conducted in 2019. The mean age of the 16 participants was 57 years (SD=8), of which11 were female. All had low socioeconomic and educational levels. Content analysis showed no engagement with the m-health app over time. The main factors contributing to the lack of engagement were; inability of the user to use the app, lack of support and technical problems. When designing m-Health interventions, it is important to understand users' behavioral characteristics, motivations for treatment, level of involve-ment in health care, and ability to use technology
O baixo envolvimento dos usuários em aplicativos m-Health vem impulsionando o uso de técnicas de retenção que visam garantir uma experiência do usuário (UX) satisfatória a longo prazo. Objetivou-se compreender a experiência de pacientes hipertensos interagindo com um aplicativo de saúde móvel (m-Health) durante 12 meses. Realizou-se estudo qualitativo/exploratório após 12 meses, com o mesmo grupo experimental de participantes do ensaio-clínico controlado e não-randomizado realizado em 2019. A idade média dos 16 participantes foi de 57 anos (DP=8); 11 eram do sexo feminino, com baixos níveis socioeconômicos e educacionais. A análise de conteúdo não mostrou nenhum envolvimento ao longo do tempo usando o aplicativo m-Health. Os principais fatores que contribuíram para a falta de envolvimento foram: incapacidade do usuário de usar o aplicativo, falta de suporte e problemas técnicos. Ao propor intervenções que utilizem m-Health, é essencial conhecer características comportamentais dos usuários, motivações para o tratamento, nível de envolvimento nos cuidados com a saúde e sua capacidade de usar tecnologias
La baja participación de los usuarios en las aplicaciones de m-Health ha impulsado el uso de técnicas de retención que tienen como objetivo garantizar una experiencia de usuario satisfactoria a largo plazo. Se pretendió comprender la experiencia de pacientes hipertensos interactuando con una aplicación de salud móvil durante 12 meses. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo/exploratorio después de 12 meses, utilizando los participantes del ensayo clínico controlado no aleatorizado que se llevó a cabo en 2019. La edad media de los 16 participantes fue 57 años (SD=8); 11 mujeres, con niveles socioeconómicos y educativos bajos. El análisis de contenido no mostró compromiso a lo largo del tiempo utilizando la aplicación m-Health. Los principales factores contribuyentes fueron: incapacidad del usuario para utilizar la aplicación, falta de apoyo y problemas técnicos. Cuando se proponen intervenciones con m-Health, es esencial conocer las características de comportamiento de los usuarios, sus motivaciones para el tratamiento, nivel de implicación en el cuidado de la salud y capacidad para utilizar tecnologías
Subject(s)
Humans , Telemedicine , Mobile Applications , Health Services Accessibility , Patients , Diversity, Equity, Inclusion , HypertensionABSTRACT
El objetivo del presente trabajo fue conocer la trayectoria del compromiso académico en estudiantes secundarios de Entre Ríos, Argentina, en tres tiempos de su recorrido escolar. El diseño fue cuantitativo, siendo un estudio de tipo longitudinal. El muestreo utilizado fue no probabilístico intencional. La muestra se constituyó por adolescentes escolarizados de Entre Ríos, consistió en 105 sujetos para el primer tiempo, 101 para el segundo y 97 para el tercero. Las edades abarcaron desde los 13 hasta los 15 años. En cuanto al instrumento, se utilizó la adaptación argentina de la Utrecht-Work Engagement Scale en su versión para estudiantes. Se realizaron análisis de estadística descriptiva básica y análisis de modelos de curva de crecimiento latente. Los resultados evidencian bajos niveles de compromiso de los estudiantes con sus actividades escolares. Además, en relación a la trayectoria del engagement, los hallazgos indican que el compromiso se mantuvo constante en el tiempo en la dimensión vigor y disminuyó en los componentes dedicación y absorción hacia el tercer tiempo de evaluación. Se reflexiona sobre la importancia de la promoción del compromiso académico en población adolescente, por ejemplo, a través de la ejecución de intervenciones.
The objective of the work was to know the trajectory of academic engagement in secondary students from Entre Ríos, Argentina, in three stages of their school journey. The design was quantitative, being a longitudinal study. The sampling used was intentional non-probabilistic. The sample was made up of school adolescents from Entre Ríos. It consisted of 105 subjects for the first time, 101 for the second and 97 for the third. The ages ranged from 13 to 15 years. Regarding the instrument, the Argentine adaptation of the Utrecht-Work Engagement Scale in its version for students was used. Analysis of basic descriptive statistics and Analysis of Latent Growth Curve Models were performed; The results show low levels of student engagement to their school activities. In addition, in relation to the trajectory of engagement over time, the findings indicate that the commitment remained constant over time in the vigor dimension and decreased in the dedication and absorption components towards the third evaluation period.
ABSTRACT
Resumo O artigo investiga a correlação entre engajamento e qualidade de vida no trabalho dos profissionais de enfermagem de um hospital público do interior do estado de São Paulo, no início da pandemia de COVID-19. Estudo transversal, descritivo e correlacional, com profissionais de enfermagem, realizado entre dezembro de 2020 e janeiro de 2021. Foram utilizadas as versões brasileiras da Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) e da Escala de Avaliação da Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho (QVT), segundo modelo de Walton. Os profissionais de enfermagem apresentaram correlação forte e positiva (r≥0.70) entre o domínio integração social da QVT e a dimensão vigor da UWES (r=0,88; p=<0,001); correlação positiva moderada (r≥0.40≤0.69) entre as condições de trabalho (QVT) e as dimensões vigor (r=0,40; p=<0,001), dedicação (r=0,40; p=<0,001) e escore geral (r=0,41; p=<0,001) da UWES. As correlações foram positivas e fracas (r≤0.39) para os demais domínios da QVT e as dimensões da UWES. Concluiu-se que os profissionais com níveis satisfatórios de qualidade de vida tendem a ter níveis mais altos de engajamento no trabalho. No início da pandemia de COVID-19, os profissionais de enfermagem estavam fortemente engajados e satisfeitos com sua qualidade de vida no trabalho.
Abstract This article investigates the correlation between work engagement and work-related quality of life among nursing staff at a public hospital in São Paulo State, at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. A descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional study of nursing personnel was conducted from December 2020 to January 2021, using the Brazilian versions of the Work & Well-being Survey (Utrecht Work Engagement Scale - UWES) and the Work-related Quality of Life (WRQoL) scale, following Walton's model. Nursing staffs returned a strong positive correlation (r≥0.70) between the social integration domain of the WRQoL and the vigour dimension of the UWES (r=0.88; p=<0.001); a moderate positive correlation (r≥0.40≤0.69) between working conditions (WRQOL) and the vigour (r=0.40; p<0.001), dedication (r=0.40; p<0.001) and overall score (r=0.41; p<0.001) dimensions of the UWES. Correlations were positive and weak (r≤0.39) for the other WRQoL domains and the UWES dimensions. It was concluded that personnel with satisfactory levels of quality of life tend to show higher levels of engagement at work. At the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, nursing professionals were strongly engaged and satisfied with their work-related quality of life.
ABSTRACT
Resumo O artigo analisa a associação entre níveis de fadiga por compaixão e engajamento no trabalho com a COVID-19 em profissionais de enfermagem. Estudo longitudinal, tipo antes e depois, realizado com profissionais de enfermagem da linha de frente, nos períodos pré-pandêmico e pandêmico. Utilizou-se as versões brasileiras da Professional Quality of Life Scale e da Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. Observou-se altos níveis de satisfação por compaixão (≥43,0), baixos níveis de burnout (<23,0) e estresse traumático secundário (<23,0); e níveis altos de vigor (≥4,0 e ≤4,99), absorção (≥4,0 e ≤4,99) e escore geral (≥4,0 e ≤4,99). Houve correlação moderada, negativa e significativa do burnout com vigor (r: -0,505; p-valor: <0,001), no pré-pandemia; e com o escore geral, no pré-pandemia (r: -0,543; p-valor: <0,001) e período pandêmico (r: -0,458; p-valor: <0,001). Não houve alterações nos níveis de engajamento no trabalho. Profissionais com fadiga por compaixão tiveram redução do vigor, absorção e escore geral, classificados como médios no período pandêmico (≥2,0 e ≤3,99); e aumento da dedicação, que era baixa (≥1,0 e ≤1,99) no pré-pandemia. Concluiu-se não haver associação danosa entre fadiga por compaixão e engajamento no trabalho com a COVID-19 nos profissionais de enfermagem.
Abstract This article examines the association between levels of compassion fatigue and work engagement with COVID-19 in nursing professionals. A longitudinal, before-and-after study was conducted with nursing professionals working in the frontline in the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods. Our study applied the Brazilian versions of the Professional Quality of Life Scale and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. High levels of compassion satisfaction (≥43.0), low levels of burnout (<23.0) and secondary traumatic stress (<23.0), as well as high levels of vigor (≥4.0 and ≤4.99), absorption (≥4.0 and ≤4.99), and overall score (≥4.0 and ≤4.99) were observed. Moderate, negative, and significant correlations of burnout with vigor (r: -0.505; p-value: <0.001), in the pre-pandemic period; and with overall score, in the pre-pandemic (r: -0.543; p-value: <0.001) and pandemic periods (r: -0.458; p-value: <0.001), were also observed. No changes in levels of work engagement were found. Professionals with compassion fatigue showed decreased vigor, absorption, and overall score, rated as medium in the pandemic period (≥2.0 and ≤3.99), and an increased dedication, which was low (≥1.0 and ≤1.99) in the pre-pandemic period. It was concluded that there is no harmful association between compassion fatigue and work engagement with COVID-19 in nursing professionals.
ABSTRACT
(analítico) Se analiza la implementación de un programa de formación docente en promoción de autonomía y apoyo pedagógico y su relación con el compromiso de niños en el aula. El programa se desarrolló duran-te el cierre de escuelas por la pandemia causada por el covid-19. Se usó diseño mixto convergente-paralelo. Participaron cinco docentes de primaria, de escuelas públicas de Cali, Colombia, y sus estudiantes (N=110). La formación consistió en dos talleres grupales y tres sesiones de acompañamiento individual en modalidad virtual. Se grabaron las clases antes y durante el proceso, codificándose las interacciones. Se observó alta variabilidad en promoción de autonomía y apoyo pedagógico. El compromiso de los niños fue mayor cuando las profesoras promovían mayor autonomía y apoyo pedagógico. Se discutieron variables que afectan el aprovechamiento de la formación.
(analytical) This paper analyzes the implementation of a professional development program on autonomy promotion and instructional support in the classroom, and the relationship between this program and students' engagement. The program was designed during the delivery of online classes as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study used a convergent parallel design. Participants were five elementary teachers and their students (N=110) at a public school in Cali, Colombia. The program consisted of two workshops and three online individual feedback sessions. Classes were recorded before and during the program and classroom interactions were coded. The results show high variability in teachers' autonomy promotion and instructional support during the classes. Students' engagement was higher when teachers promote greater autonomy and instructional support. Variables that could affect teachers' use of learning from the program are discussed.
(analítico) Analisase a implementação de um programa de formação docente para a promoção da autonomia e o apoio pedagógico e sua relação com a performance das crianças na sala de aula. O programa foi desenvolvido durante o fechamento das escolas pelo Covid-19. Um método misto convergente-paralelo foi usado. Participaram cinco professoras de ensino básico de escolas públicas de Cali-Colômbia e seus alunos, 110 crianças. A formação consistiu em duas oficinas grupais e três sessões de trabalho individual na modalidade virtual. As aulas foram gravadas antes e durante o processo, e as interações foram codificadas. Observa-se alta variabilidade na promoção da autonomia e apoio pedagógico. O comprometimento das crianças foi maior quando as professoras promoveram maior autonomia e apoio pedagógico. As variáveis que afetam o aproveitamento do treinamento são discutidas.
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Resumen La investigación sobre el compromiso escolar de los estudiantes ha crecido significativamente en la última década y su medición es de gran interés en la investigación educativa. Esto se podría explicar por su potencial para comprender problemas educativos importantes con respecto a las trayectorias académicas de los estudiantes, incluida la adaptación a la escuela, el rendimiento y los logros académicos, las tasas de finalización y la deserción escolar. Se ha evidenciado que los estudiantes que se sienten más comprometidos con su escuela experimentan una trayectoria escolar más positiva y tienen una vida más exitosa, por lo que se considera que el compromiso escolar es una variable protectora vinculada a tasas más bajas de delincuencia, abuso de sustancias y depresión. Para obtener una comprensión más profunda del cuerpo de investigación actual sobre el compromiso escolar de los estudiantes, esta revisión de la literatura tuvo por objetivo analizar las características metodológicas de la investigación empírica cuantitativa sobre ese compromiso de los estudiantes en la escuela secundaria. Como método se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura en las bases de datos Web of Science, Scopus y SciELO del período 2013 a 2020. Cuarenta y siete artículos cumplieron los criterios de inclusión establecidos. Los resultados evidenciaron que casi todos los estudios se realizaron en Estados Unidos, mientras que ninguno de los artículos analizados fue desarrollado en América Latina. Con respecto al tamaño de la muestra, se identificó que la mayoría de los estudios revisados tenían un tamaño de muestra entre 501 y 5000 participantes. En cuanto a los diseños de investigación utilizados en estos estudios, la mayoría utilizó un diseño correlacional, pero solo unos pocos implementaron diseños longitudinales o cuasi experimentales. Se identificó la coexistencia de diferentes marcos conceptuales sobre el compromiso escolar; sin embargo, la investigación concuerda en comprenderlo como un constructo multidimensional que implica el involucramiento del estudiante en actividades relacionadas con la escuela y su estudio. La diversidad conceptual del constructo de compromiso escolar se refleja en los numerosos instrumentos identificados en esta revisión, en los que las dimensiones más prevalentes del compromiso escolar fueron la dimensión conductual, cognitiva y emocional. Respecto de los tipos de variables incluidas en los estudios de compromiso escolar, se observó que se han incluido un gran número que cubren diferentes aspectos y temas relacionados con las experiencias académicas de los estudiantes, como las relacionadas con los propios estudiantes, así como las relacionadas con los padres, compañeros, profesores y escuelas. En conclusión, dado que el compromiso escolar de los estudiantes es una variable que se ha considerado crítica en contextos académicos, a medida que se realicen estudios futuros en este campo, será importante examinar la correlación de diferentes tipos de variables con el compromiso escolar de los estudiantes. Se podrían examinar las potenciales variables moderadoras que podrían surgir al realizar estudios en nuevos entornos educativos o culturalmente diversos, por ejemplo, con estudiantes con necesidades especiales. Esto es especialmente importante cuando se considera a la región Latinoamericana. Dado que la mayoría de los estudios se han realizado en Estados Unidos, se requiere considerar aspectos importantes antes de su implementación, como la validez de los instrumentos de medida, los que podrían estar sesgados si no se adaptan a la cultura Latinoamericana. Además, los estudios futuros deberían definir con precisión el constructo de compromiso escolar de los estudiantes y lograr un consenso en la investigación.
Abstract Student engagement research has grown significantly in the past decade and measuring it is of high interest in educational research. To gain a deeper understanding of the current body of research on student engagement, this review aims to analyze the design characteristics of empirical quantitative research on student engagement in secondary school. A systematic review was performed in the Web of Science, Scopus, and SciELO databases from the period 2013 to 2020. Forty-seven articles met the inclusion criteria. The results revealed that most studies were performed in North America and none in Latin America; the designs were mainly measuring variable associations. Teacher-related variables are the least examined variables. The instruments used to measure the student engagement and the constructs employed, shows there is substantial theoretical heterogeneity among studies. Future studies need to accurately define student engagement; give further attention to variables related to teachers, peers, families, and institutional conditions.
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Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue observar los estilos de resiliencia entre estudiantes de pregrado y explorar la forma en la que cada uno de ellos se encontraba asociado al engagement académico y a las redes de apoyo social al inicio de los estudios universitarios. La muestra correspondió a 371 estudiantes de pregrado del Caribe Colombiano evaluados a partir de un análisis estadístico de clústeres, por el método jerárquico aglomerativo. Posteriormente se clasificaron en grupos de acuerdo con sus similitudes en las 12 dimensiones de resiliencia y finalmente se compararon en términos de engagement y redes personales. Los resultados señalaron cuatro perfiles de estudiantes: (1) sujetos con baja-resiliencia, alto engagement y fuertes vínculos relacionales; (2) resilientes-en-proceso, con niveles intermedios de resiliencia, bajo engagement y redes sociales con poca cercanía; (3) resilientes-autónomos con altos puntajes de resiliencia, niveles intermedios de engagementy redes sociales débiles; y (4) resilientes-con-redes, exhibieron altos niveles de resiliencia, con alto engagement y amplias redes de apoyo. Se concluye que la mayor porción de jóvenes que comienzan la universidad muestra perfiles de baja resiliencia; sin embargo, los altos niveles de motivación por los estudios y los recursos sociales como las redes de apoyo de los compañeros son las condiciones que más permiten afrontar los obstáculos de la vida universitaria. Es importante notar que solamente el último perfil integró los elementos de alta resiliencia, alto engagement y fuertes redes de apoyo que permiten confirmar la íntima asociación entre estos constructos. Los otros perfiles representan casos en los cuales los rasgos de resiliencia son independientes de los niveles de engagement y de la composición de las redes de apoyo personal.
Abstract Adjustment of first-year students to university environments, as well as their academic success, is not exclusively related to their academic aptitude; instead, this adjustment is associated with psychological characteristics, personal and even social resources that help students cope with stressors and new circumstances. A comprehensive assessment of the students' adjustment to university environment must transcend preoccupation on academic performance, and instead explore associations among psychological, academic, and social elements that promote adaptation during the initial years of higher education (Marenco-Escuderos et al., 2021). In this line of research, the objective of this work was to inquire how internal characteristics of students (psychological and academic) interplay with external elements in their support systems to promote adaptation in a higher education environment. Associations were explored among resilience, academic engagement, and social support as determining elements in the adjustment to the demands of the university context. The sample consisted of 371 undergraduate students (60 % female), of low socioeconomic status, enrolled in public universities in the Caribbean region of Colombia. Firstly, the resilience of university students was explored, as the ability to respond to obstacles with a positive view of the world, of others, and of one's own abilities to cope with stressors (Saavedra-Guajardo et al., 2019). Second, the level of engagement that drives young students to concentrate their energies on academic activities was reviewed; and third, the role of peers, and friends as the close-support system that facilitates the overcoming of personal and academic difficulties was investigated (Fernández-Martínez et al., 2017). Based on a statistical cluster analysis, by the agglomerative hierarchical method, individuals were classified according to their similarities in the expression of 12 dimensions of resilience (SV-RES scale), and subsequently compared in terms of engagement (UWES-S scale), and personal support networks (UNICET software). The results showed four student profiles: (1) the largest group consisting of students with low-resilience, high engagement and strong support networks; (2) a resilient group with low levels of engagement and support networks with little intimacy; (3) a resilient group with high characteristics of autonomy, intermediate levels of engagement, and support networks with weak structure; and (4) a very resilient group, high engagement, and wide and strong social support networks. The results point out the fact that the greatest proportion of students who start college show profiles of low resilience, however, high levels of motivation for studies and social resources such as peer support networks are the conditions that mostly allow for coping with adversity in the first years of college. These results could point to cultural aspects specific to the Caribbean region, where social networks are of great importance for daily functioning (Marenco-Escuderos et al., 2021). Regarding the association among the studied variables, it is important to note that only the last profile gathered all elements of high resilience, high engagement, and strong support networks that allow for confirming the association among these constructs. The other three profiles represent cases in which the resilience traits are independent of the students' levels of engagement and the composition of their personal support networks. This study is valuable as it provides a differentiating picture of the relationship of resilience with other psychological and social constructs, and in that it allows to better understand resilience in association with other elements that mediate its interpretation. Important gender differences among the profiles are additionally discussed.
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Resumo O presente estudo tem como objetivo investigar em que medida o controle burocrático e o suporte organizacional afetam o engajamento no trabalho de funcionários públicos e o papel mediador do empoderamento psicológico. Para alcançar esse objetivo, foi realizado um levantamento junto a 159 servidores públicos de dois tribunais de contas brasileiros, com posterior aplicação de análise fatorial exploratória, técnicas de parcelamento, análise fatorial confirmatória e regressão de mínimos quadrados ordinários (OLS). Os resultados evidenciam que há mediação total negativa entre controle burocrático e engajamento no trabalho por meio do empoderamento psicológico. O efeito do suporte organizacional no engajamento no trabalho é parcial e positivamente mediado pelo empoderamento psicológico. Assim, o empoderamento psicológico parece ser um importante mecanismo por meio do qual os funcionários públicos reagem a características do contexto de trabalho, sendo enfraquecido em situações de controle burocrático exacerbado ou de falta de suporte organizacional, com consequências para o nível de entusiasmo e dedicação. Os achados são discutidos à luz de suas implicações teóricas e práticas para a gestão no setor público.
Resumen El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar hasta qué punto el control burocrático y el apoyo organizacional afectan el compromiso laboral de los servidores públicos y el papel mediador del empoderamiento psicológico. Para lograr este objetivo, se llevó a cabo una investigación cuantitativa, basada en datos recolectados de 159 servidores públicos de dos tribunales de cuentas brasileños, con la aplicación posterior de análisis factorial exploratorio, división de variables, análisis factorial confirmatorio y regresión de mínimos cuadrados ordinarios (OLS). Los resultados muestran que existe una mediación negativa total entre el control burocrático y el compromiso laboral a través del empoderamiento psicológico. El efecto del apoyo organizacional sobre el engagement en el trabajo está parcialmente y positivamente mediado por el empoderamiento psicológico. Así, el empoderamiento psicológico constituye un mecanismo importante a través del cual los servidores públicos reaccionan a las características del contexto de trabajo, debilitándose en situaciones de control burocrático exacerbado o falta de apoyo organizacional, con consecuencias en el nivel de entusiasmo y dedicación. Los hallazgos se discuten a la luz de sus implicaciones teóricas y prácticas para la gestión en el sector público.
Abstract The study investigates how bureaucratic control and organizational support affect the civil servant's work engagement and the mediating role of psychological empowerment. The research adopted a quantitative approach using data collected from 159 public servants of Brazilian courts of accounts, with subsequent application of exploratory factor analysis, parceling techniques, confirmatory factor analysis, and ordinary least squares regression (OLS). The results show a negative mediation of psychological empowerment in the relationship between bureaucratic control and work engagement and a partial and positive mediation between organizational support and work engagement. Thus, psychological empowerment constitutes an important mechanism through which civil servants react to characteristics of the work context, being weakened in situations of exacerbated bureaucratic control or lack of organizational support, with consequences for the level of enthusiasm and dedication. The findings are discussed in light of their theoretical and practical implications for management in the public sector.
ABSTRACT
Resumo Servidores públicos têm diferentes níveis de engajamento no trabalho ao longo da vida laboral. Essas variações, denominadas "ciclos de engajamento no trabalho", ocorrem graças aos recursos disponíveis e às demandas do ambiente de trabalho. Diante disso, o presente artigo busca descrever os ciclos de engajamento no trabalho de servidores públicos federais com base em suas histórias de vida profissional, evidenciando demandas e recursos relevantes do ambiente ocupacional na trajetória dessas pessoas. Usando o modelo job demands-resources (JD-R) e a metodologia de mapas cognitivos, foi possível identificar um ciclo positivo do engajamento no trabalho, um ciclo reforçador - relacionado com oportunidades e valorização - e dois ciclos de desequilíbrio, um ligado à produtividade disfuncional e, outro, à descontinuidade administrativa. A análise dos ciclos de engajamento permitiu identificar recursos do ambiente de trabalho que interferem de diferentes maneiras no engajamento de servidores públicos. Por fim, foi utilizado o conceito de "ciclo de enfrentamento" como subsídio de políticas para servidores desengajados.
Resumen Los servidores públicos tienen diferentes niveles de compromiso en el trabajo a lo largo de su vida laboral. Estas variaciones, llamadas ciclos de compromiso laboral, ocurren debido a los recursos disponibles y las demandas del entorno laboral. Frente a eso, el presente trabajo buscó describir los ciclos de compromiso en el trabajo de los servidores públicos federales a partir de sus historias de vida profesional, destacando demandas y recursos del ambiente laboral relevantes en la trayectoria laboral de esas personas. Utilizando el modelo job demands-resources (JD-R) y la metodología de mapas cognitivos, fue posible identificar un ciclo positivo de compromiso en el trabajo, un ciclo de refuerzo ‒ relacionado con oportunidades y apreciación ‒ y dos ciclos de desequilibrio, uno relacionado con la productividad disfuncional y el otro con la discontinuidad administrativa. El análisis de los ciclos de compromiso permitió identificar los recursos del ambiente de trabajo que interfieren de diferentes formas en el compromiso de los servidores públicos. Finalmente, se utilizó el concepto de "ciclo de afrontamiento" como base de las políticas para los servidores desinteresados.
Abstract Civil servants have different levels of work engagement throughout their working lives. These variations are the work engagement cycles, which occur based on available resources and work environment demands. This study describes the work engagement cycles of federal civil servants based on their professional life histories, highlighting the demands and resources of the work environment in their professional trajectory. Using the job demands-resources (JD-R) model and the cognitive maps methodology, it was possible to identify a positive cycle of work engagement, a reinforcing cycle (related to opportunities and appreciation), and two disequilibrium cycles, one related to dysfunctional productivity and the other to administrative discontinuity. The analysis of the engagement cycles allowed the identification of work environment resources that interfere in the engagement of public servants in different ways. Finally, the concept of "coping cycle" was used as a subsidy of policies for disengaged servants.
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The current study focuses on the relationship between workplace ostracism, psychological capital and work engagement among private sector employees in Mumbai. The data was collected from a total of 180 private sector employees (i.e., 90 males, 90 females). The tools been administered are The Workplace Ostracism Scale by Ferris et al. (2008), Psychological Capital Questionnaire- PsyCap-12 by Luthans et al. (2007), and The Utretch Work Engagement Scale- UWES-9S by Schaufeli et al. (2002). Correlational research design using quantitative approach was used. The findings of the study indicate significant relationships between the variables, with perceived workplace ostracism accounting for a significant variational impact on psychological capital and work engagement.Years of work experience also show to have a significant difference on the perception of workplace ostracism. Surprisingly, no significant gender difference was observed.
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This review article explores the potential bene?ts and challenges of using telecommunications technology, including telemedicine and mobile health apps, in cancer clinical trials. The author conducted a search of four electronic databases for studies published in English between 2010 and 2021 that evaluated the use of telecommunications technology in adult cancer patients and reported patient outcomes. The studies were grouped based on the type of telecommunications technology used, and the outcomes were synthesized to provide an overview of the potential impact of telecommunications technology on cancer clinical trials. Telecommunications technologies were found to improve patient access and recruitment, data collection, management, and analysis, and enable real-time monitoring of patients' health and adherence to treatment. Telecommunications technologies can also reduce trial costs by minimizing the need for in- person visits and other expenses. However, the implementation of telecommunications technologies in clinical trials is not without challenges, including technical issues, patient acceptance and adherence, regulatory and legal approvals, and variability in healthcare systems. The author suggests that addressing these challenges could lead to improved patient outcomes and better overall health outcomes for cancer patients
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Introducción: La calidad de vida laboral es un proceso dinámico que favorece el desarrollo humano y el bienestar de los trabajadores, cuya percepción puede determinar el compromiso con su organización. Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre la calidad de vida laboral y el compromiso con el trabajo en el personal de enfermería de un hospital público. Métodos: Estudio transversal realizado en una muestra constituida por 43 enfermeros de un servicio de emergencia, los cuales respondieron el cuestionario de calidad de vida laboral en hospitales públicos y la escala Utrecht de compromiso en el trabajo. Se estimaron frecuencias y porcentaje, medias y desviación estándar. Se utilizó la prueba de correlación de Spearman. Resultados: Los enfermeros presentaron un buen nivel de compromiso en el trabajo (4,70 ± 0,99), la dedicación fue la dimensión mejor valorada, seguida del vigor (4,74 ± 0,85) y absorción (4,59 ± 1,35). La calidad de vida laboral media fue alta (2,18 ± 0,34). El bienestar logrado a través del trabajo fue la dimensión mejor valorada. El compromiso en el trabajo y la calidad de vida laboral tuvieron una relación significativa (rho= 0,875; p≤ 0,001). Conclusiones: La calidad de vida laboral en el personal de enfermería tiene una relación directa y alta con el compromiso.
Introduction: The quality of working life is a dynamic process that favors human development and the well-being of workers, whose perception can determine the commitment to their organization. Objective: To determine the relationship between the quality of working life and the engagement in the nursing staff of a public hospital. Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out in a sample of 43 nurses from an emergency department, who answered the questionnaire of quality of working life in public hospitals and the Utrecht scale of commitment at work. Frequencies and percentage, means and standard deviation were estimated. The Spearman correlation test was used. Results: Nurses presented a good level of commitment at work (4.70 ± 0.99), dedication was the best valued dimension, followed by vigor (4.74 ± 0.85) and absorption (4.59 ± 1.35). The mean quality of working life was high (2.18 ± 0.34). The well-being achieved through work was the dimension best valued. Work engagement and quality of working life had a significant relationship (rho= 0.875; p≤ 0.001). Conclusions: The quality of working life in the nursing staff had a direct and high relationship with engagement.
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Resumen La empatía, la comunicación efectiva y la asertividad en la práctica médica actual representan habilidades y herramientas necesarias y vigentes en un mundo de grandes avances y realidades tecnológicas que no superan, en nuestra perspectiva, lo indispensable para mantener y fortalecer la relación del profesional de la salud con el paciente, específicamente la relación médico-paciente. Es conveniente identificar y reconocer el hecho de que estas relaciones interpersonales deben ser modificadas mediante el reconocimiento de su bidireccionalidad y deben centrarse en un carácter educativo, de retroalimentación y atención mutua, con una mejora continua de la regla de las "15 C": comunicación, cercanía, comprensión, compasión, confianza, capacidad, consistencia, certificación, creatividad, cooperación/coordinación, compromiso bidireccional y conexión, con las resultantes calidad y calidez.
Abstract Empathy, effective communication and assertiveness in current medical practice represent skills and tools necessary and current, in a world of great advances and technological realities that do not surpass, in our perspective, the indispensable use of such tools to maintain and strengthen the relationship of the health professional with the patient and specifically of the doctor-patient relationship. It is convenient to identify and recognize the fact that these interpersonal relationships must be modified by recognizing their bidirectionality and that they should focus on an educational, feedback and mutual attention, with a continuous improvement of the "15 C" rule: communication, closeness, understanding, compassion, confidence, capacity, consistency, certification, creativity, cooperation/coordination and bidirectional commitment and connection, with the resulting quality and warmth.
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OBJETIVO: Comparar o engajamento acadêmico durante a pandemia de COVID-19 em estudantes de duas universidades. METODOLOGIA: Estudo quantitativo, transversal, correlacional, analítico, utilizando a escala de engajamento acadêmico. A amostra foi composta por 650 alunos de psicologia, selecionados durante o ano de 2021 de forma não aleatória por conveniência, em duas universidades da Baixa Califórnia, México, uma privada e outra pública (319 e 331 alunos respectivamente), a escola privada com experiência anterior em educação à distância, e a segunda, com implantação de educação à distância emergencial durante a pandemia do COVID-19, a coleta de dados foi realizada virtualmente por meio de questionário. RESULTADOS: os alunos da universidade com experiência em educação à distância percebem, em média, um nível de engajamento acadêmico maior do que os universitários sem experiência em educação à distância. VALOR: A transdisciplinaridade de pesquisadores-acadêmicos nas áreas de psicologia e saúde coletiva trouxe evidências sobre a importância dos aspectos psicológicos (engajamento acadêmico) em novos paradigmas de pedagogia educacional (educação à distância), em meio a grandes problemas médico-epidemiológicos (pandemia de COVID-19). CONCLUSÕES: Concluiu-se que o nível de engajamento acadêmico dos alunos está vinculado à experiência anterior em educação à distância.
| OBJECTIVE: To compare academic engagement during the COVID-19 pandemic in students from two universities. METHODOLOGY: Quantitative, cross-sectional, correlational, analytical study, using the academic engagement scale. The sample was 650 undergraduate students in psychology, selected during the year 2021 in a non-random manner for convenience at two universities in Baja California, Mexico, one private and the other public (319 and 331 students respectively), the private school with experience previous in remote education, and the public school migrated to emergency remote education during the COVID-19 pandemic, data collection was carried out virtually through a questionnaire. RESULTS: University students with experience in remote education perceive on average a higher level of academic engagement than university students without experience in remote education. VALUE: The transdisciplinarity of researchers-academics in the areas of psychology and public health, provided evidence on the importance of psychological aspects (academic engagement) in new paradigms of educational pedagogy (remote education), in the midst of major medical-epidemiological problems (COVID 19 pandemic). CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that the level of academic engagement of the students is linked to previous experience in remote education.
OBJETIVO: Comparar el engagement académico durante la pandemia COVID-19 en estudiantes de dos universidades. METODOLOGÍA: Estudio cuantitativo, transversal, correlacional, analítico, utilizando la escala engagement académico. La muestra fue de 650 estudiantes de licenciatura en psicología, seleccionados durante el año 2021 de manera no aleatoria por conveniencia en dos universidades de Baja California, México, una privada y la otra pública (319 y 331 alumnos respectivamente), la escuela privada con experiencia previa en educación remota, y la escuela pública migró a la educación remota de emergencia durante la pandemia COVID-19, la recolección de datos se realizó de manera virtual mediante un cuestionario. RESULTADOS: Los estudiantes de la universidad con experiencia en educación remota perciben en promedio mayor nivel de engagement académico que la universidad sin experiencia en educación remota. VALOR: La transdisciplinariedad de los investigadores-académicos en las áreas de psicología y salud pública, aportó evidencia sobre la importancia de aspectos psicológicos (engagement académico) en nuevos paradigmas de la pedagogía educativa (educación remota), en medio de grandes problemas médico-epidemiológicos (pandemia por COVID 19). CONCLUSIONES: Se concluye que el nivel de engagement académico de los alumnos se vincula a la experiencia previa en educación remota.
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COVID-19 , Psychology , Social BehaviorABSTRACT
Resumo A participação em saúde tem gerado um grande número de publicações em todo o mundo. Para conhecer as especificidades dessa produção nas Américas, foi realizada uma análise bibliométrica de artigos em inglês, espanhol e português. Foram realizadas buscas na BVS, PubMed, SCOPUS, WOS e SciELO, consolidando uma base de dados com 641 referências. Com auxílio do software VOSviewer, analisamos padrões de citação, coautoria e a distribuição cronológica por países e idiomas. Foi possível verificar o crescimento da produção, a relevância quantitativa e o impacto dos diferentes países. A análise indicou que os EUA concentram o maior número de citações, e o Brasil, apesar de ser o primeiro em número de publicações, é o terceiro em número de citações. O mesmo ocorre com os periódicos brasileiros que, com o maior número de artigos, caem no ranking dos mais citados. Nos dez artigos mais citados, descatam-se trabalhos desenvolvidos nos EUA e Canadá. A análise de coautoria indicou que a Universidade de Toronto, a Fiocruz e a Universidade de Harvard são as que mais têm colaborações formais com outras organizações. Concluímos que existem desigualdades de impacto, visibilidade e internacionalização neste campo, indicando obstáculos para o desenvolvimento científico e das políticas de saúde.
Abstract Participation in health has generated a large number of publications around the world. In order to know the specificities of this production in the Americas, a bibliometric analysis of articles in English, Spanish and Portuguese was carried out. Searches were carried out in the VHL, PubMed, SCOPUS, WOS and SciELO, consolidating a database with 641 references. With the help of the VOSviewer software, we analyzed citation patterns, co-authorship and the chronological distribution by countries and languages. It was possible to verify the growth of production, the quantitative relevance and the impact of the different countries. The analysis indicated that the USA concentrates the largest number of citations and Brazil, despite being the first in number of publications, is the third in number of citations. The same occurs with Brazilian journals that, with the largest number of articles, fall in the ranking of the most cited. The co-authorship analysis indicated that the University of Toronto, Fiocruz and Harvard University have the most formal collaborations with other organizations. We conclude that there are inequalities of impact, visibility and internationalization in this field, indicating obstacles to scientific development and health policies.
Resumen La participación en salud ha generado una gran cantidad de publicaciones alrededor del mundo. Para conocer las especificidades de esta producción en las Américas, se realizó un análisis bibliométrico de artículos en inglés, español y portugués. Se realizaron búsquedas en la BVS, Pubmed, SCOPUS, WOS y SciELO, consolidando una base de datos con 641 referencias. Con la ayuda del software VOSviewer, analizamos los patrones de citación, la coautoría y la distribución cronológica por países e idiomas. Se pudo verificar el crecimiento de la producción, la relevancia cuantitativa y el impacto de los diferentes países. El análisis indicó que EE.UU. concentra el mayor número de citas y Brasil, a pesar de ser el primero en número de publicaciones, es el tercero en número de citas. En los diez artículos más citados se descartan trabajos desarrollados en EE.UU. y Canadá. El análisis de coautoría indicó que la Universidad de Toronto, Fiocruz y la Universidad de Harvard tienen las colaboraciones más formales con otras organizaciones. Concluimos que existen desigualdades de impacto, visibilidad e internacionalización en este campo, indicando obstáculos para el desarrollo científico y las políticas de salud.
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Objective:To explore the relationship between work connectivity behavior after-hours, self-regulatory fatigue and work engagement of nurses, so as to provide reference for developing strategies to improve nurses′work engagement.Methods:This was a cross-sectional survey study. A total of 661 nurses from 10 hospitals in Shandong Province were selected as subjects by convenience sampling method from June to August 2022. The Work Connectivity Behavior After-hours Scale, Self-Regulatory Fatigue Scale and Work Engagement Scale were used to measure the work connectivity behavior after-hours, self-regulatory fatigue level and work engagement level. A structural equation model was constructed to evaluate the mediating effect of self-regulatory fatigue on work connectivity behavior after-hours and work engagement.Results:The scores of work connectivity behavior after-hours, self-regulatory fatigue and work engagement of nurses were (37.66 ± 7.05), (42.98 ± 10.55) and (34.29 ± 6.58) points, respectively. The total effect of work connectivity behavior after hours on work engagement was -0.336 6. The work connectivity behavior after-hours was positively correlated with self-regulatory fatigue ( r = 0.423, P<0.01) and work engagement was negatively correlated with work connectivity behavior after-hours and self-regulatory fatigue ( r = -0.361, -0.479, both P<0.01). Self-regulatory fatigue had a partial mediating effect on work connectivity behavior after-hours and work engagement, accounting for 46.61% of the total effect. Conclusions:Self-regulatory fatigue has a mediating effect on the relationship between nurses′ work connectivity behavior after-hours and work engagement. Nursing managers should reduce the degree of self-regulatory fatigue of nurses by preventing their work connectivity behavior after-hours, so as to improve the work involvement level of nurses.
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Objective:To explore the chain mediating effect of self-efficacy and positive coping styles between nurses′ adversity quotient on work engagement, so as to provide a theoretical reference for nursing managers to promote work engagement.Methods:A convenience sampling method was used to select 512 nurses from four tertiary hospitals in Shaanxi Province, and a cross-sectional study was conducted on them using the general information questionnaire, Adversity Response Profile, General Self-Efficacy Scale, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire and Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-9.Results:The total scores of nurses' adversity response profile, self-efficacy, positive coping style and work engagement were 132.00(120.00, 139.00), 27.00(23.00, 29.00), 24.00(20.00, 25.00), 27.00(25.00, 35.00) points. Nurses' work engagement was significantly positively correlated with adversity quotient, self-efficacy and positive coping styles( r values were 0.523-0.614, all P<0.01). The independent mediation of self-efficacy or positive coping styles and the chain mediation of both accounted for 23.6%,40.9% and 15.9% of the total effect respectively. Conclusions:Nurses′ adversity quotient not only directly affected work engagemnet, but also indirectly affected work engagement through self-efficacy and positive coping style. The research suggested that managers should pay attention to the improvement of nurses′ self-efficacy and positive coping style, so as to promote nurses′ work engagement.
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Objective:To explore the relationship between spiritual leadership, professional identity, person-organization fit and work engagement of young nurses, so as to provide reference for developing strategies to improve young nurses′ work engagement.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. From December 2021 to April 2022, 449 young nurses from 9 hospitals in Shandong province were investigated by general data questionnaire, Spiritual Leadership Scale, Professional Identity Rating Scale, Nurse Person-organizational Fit Assessment Scale and Work Engagement Scale.Results:The scores of professional identity, spiritual leadership, person-organization fit and work engagement of young nurses were (116.04 ± 23.06), (68.07 ± 13.87), (163.50 ± 25.88), (38.80 ± 14.65) points, respectively. The total effect of spiritual leadership on work engagement was 0.707. The mediating path of spiritual leadership to work engagement included spiritual leadership→professional identity→work engagement; Spiritual leadership→person-organization fit→work engagement. Spiritual leadership→professional identity→ person-organization fit→work engagement. Three indirect effects accounted for 63.60%, 6.80% and 10.60% of the total effect, respectively.Conclusions:Professional identity and person-organization fit play chain mediating effect between spiritual leadership and work engagement of young nurses. Nursing managers should implement spiritual leadership to improve young nurses′ professional identity and person-organization fit, and then improve the level of young nurses′ work engagement.
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Introducción: El bienestar laboral es un tema importante en las organizaciones, pues con este se busca mejorar las condiciones laborales y sociales en los contextos de trabajo, motivar al trabajador y promover el desarrollo personal, con el fin de desarrollar la salud, generando como ganancia el compromiso de los trabajadores Objetivo: Establecer la correlación entre el bienestar laboral y el compromiso organizacional Metodología: Revisión de la literatura. La información se obtuvo en diferentes bases de datos, considerando los descriptores y la conjunción de estos con operadores booleanos; así como con criterios de inclusión y exclusión. La información se organizó en una matriz de Excel, y se utilizó un diagrama de procesos para su elección. El análisis se ejecutó mediante un resumen analítico de investigación. Desarrollo y discusión: Se converge en que para una organización es importante el bienestar de los trabajadores y las intervenciones que puede realizar la gerencia para desarrollarlo. El compromiso de los trabajadores con la organización permite el crecimiento productivo Conclusión: La correlación que se establece entre el bienestar laboral y el compromiso organizacional es de conse-cuencia y en ambas vías: si un trabajador goza de bienestar laboral, se siente comprometido con la organización y da lo mejor de sí mismo hacia el logro de los objetivos organizacionales. A su vez, se alcanzan las metas personales, porque la organización se centra en promover el bienestar de sus empleados. Palabras clave: calidad de vida; compromiso laboral; promoción de la salud; salud laboral; satisfacción en el trabajo
Introduction: Labor well-being is an important issue in organizations, with this it seeks to improve working and social conditions in work contexts, motivate the worker and promote personal develop-ment in order to develop health, generating as a profit the commitment of workers Objective: Establish the correlation between the well-being work and the organizational commitment Methodology: A review of the literature was carried out, the information was obtained in different databases, considering the descriptors and the conjunction of these with Boolean operators; inclusion and exclusion criteria, the information was organized in an Excel matrix, a process diagram was used for the choice. The analysis was executed using an analytical summary of research. Development and Discussion: It converges on the importance that the well-being of workers has for an organization and the interventions that management can carry out to develop it. Conclusion: The correlation that is established between work well-being and organizational commit-ment is consequential and in both ways, if a worker enjoys work well-being he feels committed to the organization, gives the best of himself, towards the achievement of organizational objectives, in turn personal goals are achieved, because the organization focuses on promoting the well-being of its employees.
Introdução: O bem-estar no local de trabalho é uma questão importante nas organizações, pois busca melhorar as condições de trabalho e sociais nos contextos de trabalho, motivar o trabalhador e promover o desenvolvimento pessoal, com o objetivo de desenvolver a saúde, gerando como ganho o comprometimento dos trabalhadores. Objetivo: Estabelecer a correlação entre bem-estar no trabalho e comprometimento organizacional. Metodologia: Revisão da literatura. As informações foram obtidas em diferentes bancos de dados, considerando os descritores e a conjugação desses com operadores booleanos, bem como os critérios de inclusão e exclusão. As informações foram organizadas em uma matriz do Excel, e um diagrama de processo foi usado para sua eleição. A análise foi realizada por meio de um resumo analítico de pesquisa. Desenvolvimento e discussão: Há uma convergência sobre a importância do bem-estar dos fun-cionários para uma organização e as intervenções que a gerência pode fazer para desenvolvê-lo. O compromisso dos funcionários com a organização possibilita o crescimento produtivo. Conclusão: A correlação entre bem-estar no trabalho e o comprometimento organizacional é bidi-recional: se um funcionário desfruta de bem-estar no trabalho, ele se sente comprometido com a organização e dá o melhor de si para atingir as metas organizacionais. Por sua vez, as metas pessoais são alcançadas, porque a organização se concentra em promover o bem-estar de seus funcionários.
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Occupational Health , Quality of Life , Work Engagement , Health Promotion , Job SatisfactionABSTRACT
Buscou-se compreender a percepção dos profissionais das medidas socioeducativas acerca do seu engajamento e exaustão com o trabalho. Para isso, realizou-se um estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório, por meio de uma entrevista semiestruturada a três integrantes da equipe técnica e dois coordenadores de segurança (idades entre 28 e 57 anos). A análise dos dados foi conduzida com o auxílio do software Iramuteq, que gerou cinco classes temáticas: a) rotina das unidades socioeducativas e as demandas do trabalho dos profissionais; b) gestão de conflitos nas unidades, da mediação à polícia; c) recursos pessoais e institucionais relacionados ao exercício da profissão; d) aspectos relacionados ao contexto de trabalho; e, por último, e) indicadores de esgotamento laboral, adversidades e adoecimento profissional. Os participantes descreveram diversas demandas relacionadas à exaustão física e psicológica (e.g. equipe reduzida, insalubridade, baixo salário e fragilidade do vínculo empregatício), mas também ressaltaram a relevância social de sua prática profissional junto aos adolescentes e o relacionamento positivo entre os profissionais como fatores que justificam o seu engajamento e permanência nas instituições socioeducativas. Conclui-se evidenciando que os contextos têm influência direta na saúde desses profissionais, o que sublinha a importância de se olhar para suas condições de trabalho e para aspectos ligados à saúde mental, promovendo, desse modo, avanços na realidade socioeducativa.(AU)
The aim was to understand the perception of professionals of socio-educational measures about their engagement and exhaustion with work. To that end, a qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory study was carried out by means of a semi-structured interview with three members of the technical team and two safety coordinators (ages between 28 and 57 years). Data analysis was conducted with the help of the IRAMUTEQ software, which generated five thematic classes: a) routine of socio-educational units and work demands of professionals; b) conflict management in the units, from mediation to the police; c) personal and institutional resources related to the exercise of the profession; d) aspects related to the work context; and, lastly, e) indicators of labor exhaustion, adversity, and occupational illness. Participants described several demands related to physical and psychological exhaustion (e.g. reduced team, insalubrity, low salary, and fragility of the employment relationship), but also emphasized the social relevance of their professional practice with adolescents and the positive relationship among professionals as factors that justify their engagement and permanence in socio- educational institutions. It is concluded that the contexts have a direct influence on the health of these professionals, which highlights the importance of looking at their working conditions and aspects related to mental health, thus promoting advances in the socio-educational reality.(AU)
Se procuró comprender la percepción de los profesionales que trabajan con medidas socioeducativas sobre su comprometimiento y el agotamiento en el trabajo. Para esto, se realizó un estudio cualitativo, descriptivo y exploratorio, por medio de una entrevista semiestructurada a tres integrantes del equipo técnico y dos coordinadores de seguridad (edades entre 28 y 57 años). El análisis de los datos fue conducido en el software IRAMUTEQ, que generó cinco clases temáticas: a) rutina de las unidades socioeducativas: demandas del trabajo de los profesionales; b) manejo de conflictos en las unidades: desde la mediación hasta la policía; c) recursos personales e institucionales relacionados al ejercicio de la profesión; d) aspectos relacionados al contexto del trabajo; e) indicadores de agotamiento laboral, adversidades y enfermedad del profesional. Los participantes describieron diversas demandas relacionadas al agotamiento físico y psicológico (por ej.: equipo reducido, insalubridad, bajos sueldos y fragilidad del vínculo laboral), pero también destacaron la importancia social de su práctica profesional junto a los adolescentes y el vínculo positivo entre los profesionales como factores que justifican su comprometimiento y permanencia en las instituciones socioeducativas. Se concluye que los contextos influyen directamente en la salud de estos profesionales, lo que rescata la importancia de verificar sus condiciones de trabajo y los aspectos relacionados a la salud mental, promoviendo, de este modo, avances en la realidad socioeducativa.(AU)